's smooth charm and eternally youthful appearance made him one of America's best-known television personalities for decades. Still,
would never have achieved his amazing career longevity if he hadn't also been a remarkably astute businessman; whether he was producing television shows or spotlighting music and dance on his legendary show
was a keenly perceptive trend-spotter with a sure feeling for the sort of mainstream entertainment the American public preferred. As a rock & roll figure,
played a major role in pushing the music toward respectability -- for better and worse. The clean-cut production values of
's own persona, made rock & roll (not to mention racially integrated dancing) seem less threatening to many adults, and provided significant national exposure for countless artists. On the other hand,
-- surprisingly, never a tremendous rock & roll fan himself -- also helped tame the wildness of early rock & roll by favoring more straight pop and teen idol fare, sending the music into a doldrums only salvaged by the British Invasion. In the long run, though,
Richard Wagstaff Clark was born on November 30, 1929, and grew up in Mt. Vernon, New York. He became interested in the radio business as a teenager, and worked in the mailroom of the AM station his uncle and father helped run; when the FM weatherman went on vacation,
Clark began filling in for him, and soon read news reports during station breaks as well.
Clark went on to study advertising and radio at Syracuse University, and after working at a couple different radio stations, he landed a job as a television broadcaster in Utica, New York, doing the news and hosting a country music program. In 1952, he was hired at Philadelphia's WFIL, which broadcast both radio and television. Working as a radio DJ at first,
Clark began filling in on the television side for regular host
Bob Horn on an afternoon teen dance program called
Bandstand. Following
Horn's arrest for drunk driving in 1956,
Clark took over the show permanently, and
Bandstand quickly became one of the most popular local programs in Philadelphia. ABC picked up the show on a national basis in 1957, and retitled
American Bandstand, it became not only the first network TV show devoted to rock music, but a staple of their after-school lineup.
Clark was a fast-rising star thanks to
American Bandstand, and even landed his own ABC variety show within a year. While he wasn't a rock & roll expert, he paid close attention to the Philadelphia teens who appeared on the program, especially their favorite records and dances. At the same time, he required a more formalized dress code (no pants or tight tops for girls, coats and ties for boys) that kept the look of the show as wholesome as
Clark himself seemed. That air of respectability muted the potential risk of including black teenagers among the dancers, a move made very early on. With such broad appeal,
American Bandstand became an influential arbiter of teenage style, and its popularity could provide huge sales boosts for songs featured (or lip-synced by their performers) on the show. And, in fact,
Clark capitalized on it -- he invested in several Philly-area record labels, record pressing plants, and music publishing companies, and songs connected to those ventures were often featured on
American Bandstand. In today's era of corporate cross-promotion, those marketing tactics might have been tabbed "synergistic," but they came off a bit shadier in the era of payola scandals.
Clark was called to testify at the Congressional payola hearings of 1959, but was reprimanded only for having accepted expensive gifts from a record company president on one occasion; no evidence of illegality was presented in regard to his business ventures. Even so, ABC asked
Clark to sell off his interests to avoid any appearance of wrongdoing, and he complied. Shrewdly, though,
Clark wound up retaining the rights to individual
American Bandstand episodes, which eventually gave him an enormous and valuable library of footage.
American Bandstand ran on weekdays through 1963, at which point ABC switched to a once-weekly broadcast on Saturdays. The following year,
Clark moved the show from Philadelphia to Los Angeles, and also moved his production company there to promote concerts and develop television shows. In 1972, he hosted the first
Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve special from Times Square, which made him a New Year's institution, and the following year, he hit upon his first successful game-show venture with
The 10,000 Pyramid. Best known as
The 25,000 Pyramid, it eventually grew into
The 100,000 Pyramid, neatly encapsulating the rise of inflation during its 1973-1989 run on CBS, ABC, and syndication. Then, in 1974,
Clark founded the American Music Awards, which were designed to compete with what
Clark felt was an increasingly stuffy and out-of-touch Grammy ceremony. During the '80s,
Clark co-hosted a series of specials with
Ed McMahon called
TV's Bloopers and Practical Jokes, which mixed outtakes from popular shows with filmed practical jokes on everyday people; the specials even became a regular series for a short time. In 1987, ABC decided to cut
American Bandstand from 60 minutes to 30, and
Clark declined, taking the show into syndication. After about a year and a half,
American Bandstand found a home on the USA cable network, at which point
Clark retired as the host; the show didn't last past the end of 1989 without him, but by that point, it had already become the longest-running music show in American television history.
During the '80s and '90s, in addition to various one-off hosting gigs and cameo appearances,
Clark continued to host the American Music Awards and
New Year's Rockin' Eve, and served as the executive producer of numerous TV movies and series. In 2001,
Clark joined NBC for
The Other Half, a male-hosted talk show geared toward women that also featured
Saved by the Bell's Mario Lopez and
The Partridge Family's
Danny Bonaduce. In December of 2004
Clark suffered a stroke that prevented him from appearing on that year's
New Year's Rockin' Eve, but he returned -- praised by many for his courage given the stroke's impact on his speech -- to participate in the show during subsequent years, as Ryan Seacrest took over the responsibility of main host. On April 18, 2012,
Clark died of a heart attack at a hospital in Santa Monica, California; he was 82 years old.
–
Steve Huey, Rovi